A514 Grade B is a high-yield-strength, quenched and tempered Alloy steel plate standardized under ASTM A514/A514M. Designed for applications demanding exceptional strength and weldability, it is also commercially known as T-1 steel . Below is a detailed breakdown of its properties, applications, and specifications:
1. Key Properties
Chemical Composition
A514 Grade B balances alloying elements to achieve high strength without compromising weldability
| Element | Min (%) | Max (%) |
|---|---|---|
| C (Carbon) | 0.12 | 0.21 |
| Mn (Manganese) | 0.70 | 1.00 |
| Cr (Chromium) | 0.40 | 0.65 |
| Mo (Molybdenum) | 0.15 | 0.25 |
| V (Vanadium) | 0.03 | 0.08 |
| Si (Silicon) | 0.20 | 0.35 |
| P (Phosphorus) | - | 0.030 |
| S (Sulfur) | - | 0.030 |
| Low impurities (P, S) enhance toughness and weldability. |
Mechanical Properties
Tensile Strength: 760–895 MPa (110,000–130,000 psi)
Yield Strength: ≥690 MPa (100,000 psi)
Elongation: ≥18% (in 50 mm)
Hardness: 235–293 HBW (Brinell)
Impact Toughness: High resistance to fracture under dynamic loads .
Physical Characteristics
Density: 7.85 g/cm³
Thermal Conductivity: 45 W/m·K
Excellent low-temperature performance (e.g., marine/offshore use) .
2. Manufacturing & Processing
Heat Treatment: Quenched at 1523°C and tempered at 1288°C.
This refines the microstructure, optimizing strength and toughness.
Delivery Condition: Exclusively supplied in quenched and tempered (Q&T) state .
Machinability: Suitable for cutting, bending, drilling, and welding .
3. Applications
A514 Grade B excels in high-stress structural applications:
Heavy Machinery: Excavators, cranes, mining equipment.
Infrastructure: Bridges, offshore platforms, pressure vessels.
Transportation: Mining trucks, ship components.
Construction: Critical load-bearing structures (e.g., high-rise buildings).
4. Equivalents & Standards
Alternate Grades: EN S700 or EN 690 (European standards) .
UNS Designation: K11630 .
5. Limitations
Thickness Restriction: Maximum thickness ≤50 mm (2 inches) for Grade B .
Not for Structural Welding: Avoid in primary structural joints requiring extreme resilience .
Conclusion
A514 Grade B is a premier choice for engineers prioritizing strength-to-weight efficiency and manufacturing versatility. Its rigorous Q&T processing ensures reliability in corrosive or high-impact environments (e.g., marine, mining) . For non-critical applications, cost-effective alternatives like Grade C materials may suffice , but Grade B remains unmatched for performance-critical projects.
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